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As a result of global warming induced permafrost degradation in recent decades, thermokarst lakes in the Qinghai–Tibet plateau (QTP) have been regulating local hydrological and ecological processes. Simulations with coupled moisture–heat numerical models in the Beiluhe basin (located in the hinterland of permafrost regions on the QTP) have provided insights into the interaction between groundwater flow and the freeze–thaw process. A total of 30 modified SUTRA scenarios were established to examine the effects of hydrodynamic forces, permeability, and climate on thermokarst lakes. The results indicate that the hydrodynamic condition variables regulate the permafrost degradation around the lakes. In case groundwater recharges to the lake, a low–temperature groundwater flow stimulates the expansion of the surrounding thawing regions through thermal convection. The thawing rate of the permafrost underlying the lake intensifies when groundwater is discharged from the lake. Under different permeability conditions, spatiotemporal variations in the active layer thickness significantly influence the occurrence of an open talik at the lake bottom. A warmer and wetter climate will inevitably lead to a sharp decrease in the upper limit of the surrounding permafrost, with a continual decrease in the duration of open talik events. Overall, our results underscore that comprehensive consideration of the relevant hydrologic processes is critical for improving the understanding of environmental and ecological changes in cold environments. 相似文献
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在采用回收法治理锯条厂氰化物污水中,通过改造生产工艺,减少污水量,提高氰化物浓度及污水经除油后减压蒸馏,可回收50%~90%的氰化铂,其他盐分也可全部回收,从污水中蒸出的蒸馏水能在系统内循环使用。 相似文献
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突发公共卫生事件会严重影响社会公众生命健康,风险评估和预测可为突发公共卫生事件有效防控提供科学依据。本文提出了一种基于SEIR模型的突发公共卫生事件风险动态评估与预测方法,将突发公共卫生事件传播与人口、医疗、经济情况相结合,耦合危险性与脆弱性,建立合理的风险评估综合指标体系,利用熵值—层次分析组合模型实现突发公共卫生事件风险动态评估。此外,本文建立了传染病传播动力学修正SEIR模型,将传染病传播动力学模拟预测与风险评估相结合,实现突发公共卫生事件演变趋势的预测和风险的动态预测。2019年12月底的COVID-19疫情是一次传播速度快、感染范围广、防控难度大的重大突发公共卫生事件。本文以欧洲10国COVID-19疫情为例,开展风险评估与风险动态预测研究,依据欧洲10国自疫情开始至2020年4月16日的疫情数据,预测了2020年4月17日—2020年5月10日疫情演变的趋势,进而实现了10国的疫情风险动态预测。本文模型预测结果表明至2020年5月10日欧洲10国疫情形势仍然严峻,预测数据与真实数据的拟合优度R 2大于0.92,预测结果与疫情真实情况基本一致,在此情况下,复工复产对于疫情防控仍然是不利的。本文提出的基于SEIR模型的公共卫生事件风险动态评估与预测方法为疫情已然传播开的国家和地区提供了风险持续评估和预测的可能,为后期疫情防控决策提供了支持,同时也可用于今后新的疫情发生时期或其他突发性公共卫生事件下风险的应急评估和预测。 相似文献
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We develop a method based on the samples from Apollo and Luna landing sites to determine lunar TiO2 content with Chang’E-1 interference imaging spectrometer (IIM) imagery. By analyzing the nonlinear relationship between the optical and compositional parameters of lunar soil samples, the method employs two Support Vector Machines (SVMs) to estimate the titanium abundance of the lunar surface. Developed with the soil compositions of the Apollo and Luna sample-return stations, the RMS (root mean square) error of our method is 0.24 wt% TiO2, and the correlation coefficient of the TiO2 values and our predicted ones is 99.72 %. Compared with the other 3 models, the method proposed in this paper exhibits a good performance for determining the chemical composition of the lunar surface. TiO2 maps of Sinus Iridum, part of the Marius Hills plateau, and part of Mare Smythii are produced using our method, which could be useful for future lunar missions. 相似文献
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Boli basin, between Yishu fracture belt and Dunmi fracture belt, is the biggest Mesozoic coal basin in the east of Heilongjiang Province. Now it is a fault - fold remnant basin. The basin' s shape is generally consistent with the whole distribution of the cover folds, an arc protruding southwards. The basement of the basin can be divided into three fault blocks or structural units. The formation and evoluation of the basin in Mesozoic was determined by the basement fault blocks' displacement features rusulted from by the movement of the edge faults and the main basement faults. 相似文献
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太湖五里湖生态重建示范工程—大型围隔试验 总被引:30,自引:5,他引:30
五里湖是太湖北部富营养化程度最为严重的一湖湾.从2004年1月起,为了改善水质,重建五里湖生态环境,在五里湖南岸建立了一个面积为10×104m2示范工程试验区,采用多技术措施集成应用,开展湖泊生态重建技术研究.经过近2年的生态重建研究与实践,在示范工程试验区内建立了挺水植物、浮叶植物和沉水植物群丛23个,水生植物种类从生态重建前的零上升至15科、22属、32种,水生植物的多样性指数(Shannon-Wieher index)达到2.33,覆盖度达到40%- 55%.水质监测结果表明,示范工程区内水体的TN、TP、NH4-N、NO3-N、NO2-N及PO4-P的平均值分别比示范工程区外下降了20.7%、23.8%、35.2%、21.1%、45.6%和54.0%,TN、TP分别下降至2.50mg/L、0.080mg/L以下,水质得到明显改善,达到或低于“浅水湖泊稳态转换理论”指出的向“稳定清水态”转换的临界值,水体透明度(SD)平均值也有较大幅度提高,平均从0.39m提高至0.70m;初步实现湖泊水体从藻类占优势浊水态向大型水生植物占优势的清水态转变.因此重建与恢复湖泊生态系统要从沿岸带着手,首先重建湖滨带结构与功能,通过湖滨带水生生物一系列反馈机制, 逐步改善湖泊水质,最终实现沉水植被恢复;湖泊敞水区应主要采用生物操纵技术措施来实现湖泊生态恢复. 相似文献
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Data from the super-deep wells(PS10,PS14 and YS1)led to the discovery of widespread met-al-bearing hydrothermal fluids (or hot brines) related to basic magmas in the Lower Tertiary clastic sequence in the Dongpu Depression .In terms of SEM and EDAX analyses, pore-casting thin section examination of sandstone ,the composition and forming temperature of fluid inclusions ,the trace ele-ment composition of mustone and kerogen and organic geochemical analyses, it is demonstrated that the hydrothermal fluids existing in the area studied are ejecting fluids, which have a close bearing on diagenesis and sedimentation, rather than intrusive veins along the tectonic fractures.The main indicators of hydrothermal activity are:(1)abnormal alteration of kerogen;(2) high-temperature altered mineral assemblage;(30abnormal distribution of hydrocarbons;(4) specific assemblages and abnormal contents of heavy metals in mudstone and kerogen;(5) specific composi-tion of complex compounds and assemblages of fluid inclusions in sandstone;(6) periodic basaltic magma activity.Results of geological observations and laboratory simulating experiments demonstrated that the hydrothermal fluids have a close bearing on hydrocarbon generation in the Dongpu Depression. Two aspects of the effect of hydrothermal fluids are noticed:hydrothermal hydrocarbon production and strong metal catalysis in oil and gas generation. 相似文献